Formula 1 by Moises Jesus Carrillo Alonzo
Formula1
Formula One is the highest class of international racing for open-wheel single-seater formula racing cars sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA). The FIA Formula One World Championship has been one of the premier forms of racing around the world since its inaugural season in 1950. The word formula in the name refers to the set of rules to which all participants' cars must conform.
A Formula One season consists of a series of races, known as Grands Prix. Grands Prix takes place in multiple countries and continents around the world on either purpose-built circuits or closed public roads.
A points system is used at Grands Prix to determine two annual World Championships: one for the drivers, and one for the constructors (the teams). Each driver must hold a valid Super Licence, the highest class of racing license issued by the FIA, and the races must be held on tracks graded "1", the highest grade rating issued by the FIA for tracks.
History
Formula One originated from the European Motor Racing Championships of the 1920s and 1930s. The formula consists of a set of rules that all participants' cars must follow. Formula One was a new formula agreed upon in 1946 with the first non-championship races taking place during that year. The first Formula One Grand Prix was the 1946 Turin Grand Prix. Several Grand Prix racing organizations had laid out rules for a motor racing world championship before World War II, but due to the suspension of racing during the conflict, the World Drivers' Championship did not become formalized until 1947.
The first world championship race took place at the Silverstone Circuit in the United Kingdom on 13 May 1950. Giuseppe Farina, competing for Alfa Romeo, won the first Drivers' World Championship, narrowly defeating his teammate Juan Manuel Fangio. Fangio went on to win the championship in 1951, 1954, 1955, 1956, and 1957. This set the record for the most World Championships won by a single driver, a record that stood for 46 years until Michael Schumacher won his sixth championship in 2003.
Race and Strategy
- Weekend
A Formula One Grand Prix event spans a weekend. It typically begins with two free practice sessions on Friday and one free practice on Saturday. Additional drivers (commonly known as third drivers) are allowed to run on Fridays, but only two cars may be used per team, requiring a race driver to give up their seat. A qualifying session is held after the last free practice session. This session determines the starting order for the race on Sunday.
- Tyres
Each driver may use no more than thirteen sets of the dry-weather tyre, four sets of intermediate tyres, and three sets of Wet-weather during a race weekend.
Also, each driver can not use only one compound of tyre, except if there is rain during the race.
There are 6 different compounds of tyres, C0, C1, C2, C3, C4, and C5, The hardest compound in Pirelli’s range is the C0, meanwhile, The C5 is the softest compound of tyres in the Pirelli range.
There are also two compound tyres for rain, The Intermedia tyre which is used when the track is wet but not too wet, and the Full Wet which is used when the rack is too wet.
- Qualifying
The current qualifying system was adopted in the 2006 season. Known as "knock-out" qualifying, it is split into three periods, known as Q1, Q2, and Q3. In each period, drivers run qualifying laps to attempt to advance to the next period, with the slowest drivers being "knocked out" of qualification (but not necessarily the race) at the end of the period and their grid positions set within the rearmost five based on their best lap times. Drivers are allowed as many laps as they wish within each period. After each period, all times are reset, and only a driver's fastest lap in that period (barring infractions) counts. Any timed lap started before the end of that period may be completed and will count toward that driver's placement. The number of cars eliminated in each period is dependent on the total number of cars entered into the championship.
Currently, with 20 cars, Q1 runs for 18 minutes and eliminates the slowest five drivers. During this period, any driver whose best lap takes longer than 107% of the fastest time in Q1 will not be allowed to start the race without permission from the stewards. Otherwise, all drivers proceed to the race albeit in the worst starting positions. This rule does not affect drivers in Q2 or Q3. In Q2, the 15 remaining drivers have 15 minutes to set one of the ten fastest times and proceed to the next period. Finally, Q3 lasts 12 minutes and sees the remaining ten drivers decide the first ten grid positions.
- Race
The race begins with a warm-up lap, after which the cars assemble on the starting grid in the order they qualified. This lap is often referred to as the formation lap, as the car lap in formation with no overtaking (although a driver who makes a mistake may regain lost ground). The warm-up lap allows drivers to check the condition of the track and their car, gives the tyres a chance to warm up to increase traction and grip, and also gives the pit crews time to clear themselves and their equipment from the grid for the race start.
Once all the cars have formed on the grid, after the medical car positions itself behind the pack, a light system above the track indicates the start of the race: five red lights are illuminated at intervals of one second; they are all then extinguished simultaneously after an unspecified time to signal the start of the race.
Under normal circumstances, the winner of the race is the first driver to cross the finish line having completed a set number of laps.
- Flags
| Flag | Meaning |
|---|---|
| SC Board (Safety Car) | Shown in conjunction with a yellow flag to indicate that the Safety Car is on track. A full-course yellow flag applies. Drivers must hold positions and slow down. |
| VSC Board (Virtual Safety Car) | Shown in conjunction with a yellow flag to indicate that the virtual safety car is in use. During this time, the drivers are given minimum sector times that they must stay above. Full course double yellow flag applies. The car's time relative to this set time is measured at each marshaling post (approximately every 50 m), and the difference is referred to as the car's "delta" time. This delta time is reported to the driver, and must remain positive throughout the VSC period else the driver will be penalized. |
| Green | Normal racing conditions apply. This is usually shown following a yellow flag to indicate that the hazard has been passed. A green flag is shown at all stations for the lap following the end of a full-course yellow (or safety car). A green flag is also shown at the start of a session. |
| Yellow | Indicates a hazard on or near the track (waved yellows indicate a hazard on the track, frozen yellows indicate a hazard near the track). Double-waved yellows inform drivers that they must slow down as marshals are working on or near the track and drivers should be prepared to stop. |
| Yellow and red striped | Slippery track, due to oil, water, or loose debris. Can be seen 'rocked' from side to side (not waved) to indicate a small animal on track. |
| Blue | A blue flag indicates that the driver in front must let faster cars behind them pass because they are being lapped. If the flag is missed 3 times, the driver could be penalized. Accompanied by the driver's number. |
| White | Indicates that there is a slow car ahead, either a race car or a course vehicle. Often waved at the end of the pit lane when a car is about to leave the pits. |
| The black and orange circle | If the car is damaged or has a mechanical problem, must return to the pit lane immediately. Will be accompanied by driver's number |
| Half black half white | Warns a driver for poor sportsmanship or dangerous behavior. Can be followed by a Black flag upon further infringement. Accompanied by the driver's number. |
| Black | A driver is disqualified. Will be accompanied by the driver's number. This can be issued after a Half Black Half White flag. |
| Red | A red flag immediately halts a race or session when conditions become too dangerous to continue. |
| Chequered flag | End of the practice, qualifying, or racing session. |
- Points system
| 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | 5th | 6th | 7th | 8th | 9th | 10th | FL |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 25 | 18 | 15 | 12 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
- Red bull/Honda RBPT
- Mercedes AMG
- Ferrari
- Aston Martin/Mercedes AMG
- Mclaren/Mercedes AMG
- Williams/Mercedes AMG
- Haas
- Alpha Tauri/HondaRBPT
- Alfa Romeo/Ferarri
- Alpine/Renault
- Max Verstappen Red bull/Honda RBPT
- Sergio Perez Red bull/Honda RBPT
- Lewis Hamilton Mercedes AMG
- George Rusell Mercedes AMG
- Charles Leclerc Ferrari
- Carlos Sainz Ferrari
- Fernando Alonzo Aston Martin/Mercedes AMG
- Lance Stroll Aston Marin/Mercedes AMG
- Lando Norris Mclaren/Mercedes AMG
- Oscar Piastri Mclaren/Mercedes AMG
- Alex Albon Williams/Mercedes AMG
- Logan Sargeant Williams/Mercedes AMG
- Nico Hulkenberg Haas
- Kevin Magnussen Haas
- Nick Devries Alpha Tauri/Honda RBPT
- Yuki Tsunoda Alpha Tauri/Honda RBPT
- Valtteri Bottas Alfa Romeo/Ferrari
- Zhou Guanyu Alfa Romeo/Ferrari
- Pierre Gasly Alpine/Renault
- Estaban Ocon Alpine/Renault
March 5 – Bahrain (Sakhir)
March 19 – Saudi Arabia (Jeddah)
April 2 – Australia (Melbourne)
April 30 – Azerbaijan (Baku)
May 7 – Miami (Miami)
May 21 – Emilia Romagna (Imola)
May 28 – Monaco (Monaco)
June 4 – Spain (Barcelona)
June 18 – Canada (Montreal)
July 2 – Austria (Spielberg)
July 9 – Great Britain (Silverstone)
July 23 – Hungary (Budapest)
July 30 – Belgium (Spa-Francorchamps)
August 27 – Netherlands (Zandvoort)
September 3 – Italy (Monza)
September 17 – Singapore (Singapore)
September 24 – Japan (Suzuka)
October 8 – Qatar (Lusail)
October 22 – USA (Austin)
October 29 – Mexico (Mexico City)
November 5 – Brazil (Sao Paulo)
November 18 – Las Vegas (Las Vegas)
November 26 – Abu Dhabi (Yas Island)
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